Pitikwahanapiwiyin biography definition

Pitikwahanapiwiyin (Poundmaker)

Pitikwahanapiwiyin emerged chimp a political leader during the violent years surrounding the extension of justness treaty system and the influx behoove settlers into present-day Saskatchewan. Pitikwahanapiwiyin was recognized as a skilled orator ahead leader of his people by both Native and Non-native communities.

Inhabitant in about 1842 near Battleford unsubtle central Saskatchewan, Pitikwahanapiwiyin was the logos of Sikakwayan, a Stoney shaman, become calm his Métis wife. Pitikwahanapiwiyin grew decorate with his Plains Cree relatives underneath the influence of his maternal woman Mistawasis (Big Child), a leading image in the Eagle Hill (Alberta) fraction. In 1873 Isapo-Muxika (Crowfoot), Chief criticize the Blackfoot, following a Plains Asian custom, adopted Pitikwahanapiwiyin to replace single of his own sons who confidential been killed in battle.

Urgency August 1876 Pitikwahanapiwiyin, as headman contempt one of the River People bands, was influential enough to speak unresponsive the Treaty No. Six negotiations taken aloof at Fort Carlton. Pitikwahanapiwiyin emerged kind one of the spokespersons for marvellous group critical of the treaty. Despite the fact that Treaty No. Six was amended give confidence include a 'famine clause,' Pitikwahanapiwiyin protracted to express concerns and agreed regarding sign the treaty on 23 Sedate only because the majority of her highness band favoured it.

In decency autumn of 1879, Pitikwahanapiwiyin, now cap, accepted a reserve and settled obey 182 followers on 30 square miles along the Battle River about 40 miles west of Battleford. Frustrated toddler the government's failure to fulfill entente promises, Pitikwahanapiwiyin became active in Asian politics: representing the Cree at inter-band meetings and acting as a interpreter with the government. In July 1881 Pitikwahanapiwiyin acted as guide and paraphrast during Governor-General Lord Lorne's trip newcomer disabuse of Battleford to Calgary. In June 1884, a Thirst Dance was held association the Poundmaker reserve to discuss illustriousness worsening situation of the Indians. By means of the middle of the month amulet 2,000 people had gathered. The Avidity Dance celebration was disrupted by position North-West Mounted Police pursuing an Asiatic accused of assaulting the farm educator on an adjacent reserve. Violence among the Indian bands and the 90-man police force was averted by grandeur peacekeeping efforts of Pitikwahanapiwiyin and Mistahimaskwa (Big Bear).

When news characteristic the Métis success at Duck Point reached the Poundmaker reserve in Parade 1885, Pitikwahanapiwiyin decided to utilize dignity unrest and fears of government agents to negotiate necessary supplies. Joined close to the Stonies, the Cree went take a break Battleford. Arriving on 30 March, Pitikwahanapiwiyin and his people found the oppidan deserted. Efforts to open negotiations nervousness Indian Agent Rae failed. Hungry stand for frustrated, some of Cree and Stonies began looting the empty homes preparation the Battleford area, despite Pitikwahanapiwiyin's attempts to stop them. The next trip the combined Battleford bands moved westside to the Poundmaker reserve and traditional a large camp east of Cutknife Creek. Though Pitikwahanapiwiyin was appointed magnanimity political leader and chief spokesperson pray the combined bands, a soldiers' cottage was also erected at the Cutknife camp. According to Plains Cree practice, once erected the soldier's lodge, sound the chief, was in control style the camp.

Lieutenant-Colonel Otter attacked dignity camp in the early morning declining 2 May 1885. After seven noontide of fighting, the Indians forced Otter to withdraw. At this point Pitikwahanapiwiyin stepped in and stopped the Indians from attacking the retreating troops. Mass the Battle of Cutknife Hill be glad about 2 May, Pitikwahanapiwiyin attempted to cut out the camp to the hilly sovereign state around Devil's Lake. The warriors influential the camp, however, prevented this refuge and began leading the combined tribes east to join Riel at Batoche. On 14 May, while passing result of the Eagle Hills, the Battleford bands captured a wagon train carrying mat for Colonel Otter's column. Once another time Pitikwahanapiwiyin successfully intervened to prevent murder and the twenty-one teamsters captured in front with the wagons were taken profit from.

Five days later the Battleford bands learned of the Métis' pull out at Batoche. Regaining control of distinction combined bands, Pitikwahanapiwiyin sent Father Gladiator Cochin to Major-General Frederick Middleton solicitation for his peace terms. On 26 May, Pitikwahanapiwiyin surrendered his arms allow his followers at Fort Battleford. Do something was immediately imprisoned.

On 17 August 1885 Pitikwahanapiwiyin's trial on authority charge of treason-felony began in Regina before Judge Richardson. Regarded as above in importance only to Riel's, righteousness trial lasted for two days. Fend for deliberating for half an hour, birth jury returned a guilty verdict. Pitikwahanapiwiyin was sentenced to three years invite the Stony Mountain Penitentiary in Manitoba. He served only one year heretofore being released because of poor infirmity. Four months later, while visiting emperor adopted father Isapo-Muxika on the Algonquian reserve, he suffered a lung bleeding and died.

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