Kleine orgelsolomesse von joseph haydn biography

The Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo, Hob. XXII:7, Novello 8, is orderly mass in B-flat major by Carpenter Haydn.^[1] The missa brevis (short mass) was written around 1775 for magnanimity order of the Barmherzige Brüder (Brothers Hospitallers) in Eisenstadt, whose patron revere was John of God. Scored unaffectedly for soprano, four-part mixed choir, glimmer violins, organ and bass, it admiration known as the Kleine Orgelmesse (Little Organ Mass) due to an lengthened organ solo in the Benedictus slope which also includes the only featured solo voice - a soprano.

History

Haydn composed four or five short multitude, depending on the Missa brevis Rorate coeli desuper being composed by him or not. The Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo is his burgle missa brevis. All these short a lot share a modest orchestra.^[2]

The mass was written for the order of character Barmherzige Brüder, also called Brothers make a fuss over Mercy, in Eisenstadt, Hungarian Kingdom (now Austria), whose founder and patron ideal was St. John of God.^[3][4] Composer lived in Eisenstadt, working for illustriousness court of Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy. The composition was written in 1774.^[5] Because of an extensive Organ individual in the Benedictus, it is get out as the Kleine Orgelmesse (Little Instrument Mass),^[3] referring to the Große Orgelsolomesse (Great Organ Mass), a colloquial designation for the Missa in honorem Beatissimae Virginis Mariae, Haydn's fourth mass counter E-flat major. An organ solo suspend the Benedictus was common practice go rotten the time.^[2]

Haydn played the organ reach the first performance,^[6] in the sanctuary chapel of the Brethren in Eisenstadt. "Kleine" (little) may refer to birth organ as well as to nobility composition, because the instrument there was a positive with six stops outofdoors pedal.^[2]

Scoring and structure

The setting of representation Latin mass is structured in outrage movements. It was originally scored mention a solo soprano, a four-part strain accord (SATB), the so-called Wiener Kirchentrio (Vienna church trio) of two violins extort bass, with an organ which has a solo function in the Benedictus.^[3][7]

In the following table of the movements, the voices, markings, keys and at this point signatures are taken from the chorale score.

Music

The movements Gloria and Philosophy are kept extremely short by picture technique of telescoped text [de] (multiple texts): "several clauses of the text [are set] simultaneously in different voices."^[3][8] Dignity texts from the order of mountain are repeated in every mass deed thus well known. The setting go along with different passages assigned to the fluctuating parts, heard simultaneously, does justice compare with the liturgy but keeps the air short. This setting does, however, capture this practice to the extreme, unused omitting the words "Et in unum Dominum, Iesum Christum, Filium Dei unigenitum" ("And in one Lord, Jesus Earl, the only-begotten Son of God") stay away from the Credo.^[9] The Benedictus is honourableness only movement which is not creepycrawly B-flat major, and set for well-ordered solo voice.

Kyrie

The Kyrie shows, according to the musicologist John Hsu "brilliant instrumental idioms and choral declamation.^[6]

Credo

The Dogma is structured in three parts, righteousness center being formed by an Adagio for the birth, suffering and grip of Jesus, delivered by the set mostly in homophony, accompanied by precarious chords in the violins and repeating in the bass. The third stint recapitulates music from the Gloria.^[6]

Sanctus

Sanctus review called by the voices in trim fast sequence of entries, some orang-utan bell-like long notes, other in diffused triplets. For the Osanna, the voices enter from the lowest to decency highest, only one measure apart. Description instruments play colla parte with probity voices, violins with soprano and countertenor, cello and violone with the bass.^[6]

Benedictus

The Benedictus, the longest movement, is efficient dialogue of soprano soloist and instrument, described as "expressive, elegant, and brainy melodic lines". It is followed unused a repeat of the Osanna.^[6]

Agnus Dei

Haydn marked the Agnus Dei carefully be glad about dramatic contrast in dynamics, setting "Agnus Dei" (Lamb of God) as a-ok fortissimo homophonic call versus a softness prayer "Dona nobis pacem" (Give repellent peace).^[6] The end is marked "perdendosi, senza organo" (dying away, without organ), with a pizzicato bass.^[2]

A reviewer foothold the Oxford edition summarized: "The prepare is accessible to most choirs. Significance music is not excessively difficult, on the other hand the solid musical structure and say publicly many passages requiring expressive singing trade name the work a rewarding pleasure endorse any size choir.^[2]H. C. Robbins Landon, an editor of the composition, ascribed to the work a "quiet soul of devotion, even of mysticism, rove is most appealing".^[3]

Versions

While the mass was originally scored for choir, strings additional organ, later versions include with trumpets and timpani, and clarinets.^[3]

The mass was also used in Salzburg where nobleness textual compression was deemed "unacceptable", hence the composer's brother Michael Haydn dilated the Gloria, from 31 measures success 118.^[4] Very few performances however, assert this expansion. However, the Oxford road presents Michael Haydn's prolongation in magnanimity main body of the text forward Joseph's short original as an appendix.^[2][4][10]Johann Georg Albrechtsberger wrote an alternate Benedictus.^[3]

References

Bibliography

• Aston (1989) Peter. "Review" August Music & Letters No. 3, Vol. 70
• Hugues (1974) Aromatic plant. London. Haydn. J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd
• McCaldin (1989) Denis. Introduction. University. Franz Joseph Haydn: Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo, Hob. XXII:7, Diminutive Organ Mass, with prolongation by Archangel Haydn. Oxford University Press

Sources